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Autism

Autism is a form of autism spectrum disorder or ASD. Other forms of ASD include Asperger syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder and Pervasive Developmental Disorder – Not Otherwise Specified.

The term autism is used to describe a spectrum of neurodevelopmental conditions that are present from very early life. The development of the child with autism is frequently uneven with areas of strength alongside areas of difficulty.

Strengths may lie in memory or attention to detail. Areas of difficulty are typically those concerning instinctive social behaviour and communication, repetitive behaviours or narrow interests, use of language and difficulties with abstract or ambiguous concepts. Individuals with autism may be of of low, average or high IQ .

Other conditions may be present in addition to the ‘core features’ of autism. These are numerous and commonly include sensory processing problems, seizures, physical disorders,sleep problems, depression and high levels of anxiety, which may give rise to behavioural or other problems.

These issues affect the individuals themselves and those around them. People with autism may have difficulties in forming and maintaining friendships and in realising their academic and employment potential. They and their families are also at high risk of social exclusion.

The condition persists into adulthood but with appropriate intervention and individualised support, many can utilise their strengths and lead very successful lives. For others, many of the more disabling aspects of the condition improve over time although a number will continue to need support and understanding throughout their lives.

Autism spectrum conditions are thought to affect about 1 in 100 people. Autism is more common in males.

Last Updated : 21/07/2010 Back to Top

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Autism